localtime - convert UNIX time into record or string using local time
localtime EXPR
Converts a time as returned by the time function to a 9-element array with the time analyzed for the local time zone. Typically used as follows:
# 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
($sec,$min,$hour,$mday,$mon,$year,$wday,$yday,$isdst) =
localtime(time);
All array elements are numeric, and come straight out of a struct tm. In
particular this means that $mon has the range 0..11 and $wday has the range 0..6 with sunday as day 0. Also, $year is the number of years since 1900, that is, $year is 123 in year 2023, and not simply the last two digits of the year.
If EXPR is omitted, uses the current time (localtime(time)).
In scalar context, returns the
ctime(3) value:
$now_string = localtime; # e.g., "Thu Oct 13 04:54:34 1994"
This scalar value is not locale dependent, see the perllocale manpage, but instead a Perl builtin. Also see the Time::Local module, and the
strftime(3) and
mktime(3) function available via the
POSIX module. To get somewhat similar but locale dependent date strings, set up your locale environment variables appropriately (please see
the perllocale manpage) and try for example:
use POSIX qw(strftime);
$now_string = strftime "%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Y", localtime;
Note that the %a and %b, the short forms of the day of the week and the month of the year, may not
necessarily be three characters wide.
If rather than formatting bugs, you encounter substantive content errors in these documents, such as mistakes in the explanations or code, please use the perlbug utility included with the Perl distribution.