h2xs - convert .h C header files to Perl extensions
h2xs [-AOPXcdf] [-v version] [-n module_name] [-p prefix] [-s sub] [headerfile ... [extra_libraries]]
h2xs -h
h2xs builds a Perl extension from C header files. The extension will include functions which can be used to retrieve the value of any #define statement which was in the C header files.
The module_name will be used for the name of the extension. If module_name is not supplied then the name of the first header file will be used, with the first character capitalized.
If the extension might need extra libraries, they should be included here. The extension Makefile.PL will take care of checking whether the libraries actually exist and how they should be loaded. The extra libraries should be specified in the form -lm -lposix, etc, just as on the cc command line. By default, the Makefile.PL will search through the library path determined by Configure. That path can be augmented by including arguments of the form -L/another/library/path in the extra-libraries argument.
require AutoLoader
statement from the .pm file.
constant()
from the .xs file and corresponding specialised
AUTOLOAD
from the .pm file.
constant()
mechansim.
constant()
subroutine. These macros are assumed to have a return type of
char *, e.g., -s sec_rgy_wildcard_name,sec_rgy_wildcard_sid.
C::Scan
should be installed. If this option is specified, the name of the header
file may look like
NAME1,NAME2
. In this case
NAME1 is used instead of the specified string, but XSUBs are emitted only for the declarations included from file
NAME2.
Note that some types of arguments/return-values for functions may result in
XSUB-declarations/typemap-entries which need hand-editing. Such may be
objects which cannot be converted from/to a pointer (like long long
), pointers to functions, or arrays.
# Default behavior, extension is Rusers h2xs rpcsvc/rusers
# Same, but extension is RUSERS h2xs -n RUSERS rpcsvc/rusers
# Extension is rpcsvc::rusers. Still finds <rpcsvc/rusers.h> h2xs rpcsvc::rusers
# Extension is ONC::RPC. Still finds <rpcsvc/rusers.h> h2xs -n ONC::RPC rpcsvc/rusers
# Without constant() or AUTOLOAD h2xs -c rpcsvc/rusers
# Creates templates for an extension named RPC h2xs -cfn RPC
# Extension is ONC::RPC. h2xs -cfn ONC::RPC
# Makefile.PL will look for library -lrpc in # additional directory /opt/net/lib h2xs rpcsvc/rusers -L/opt/net/lib -lrpc
# Extension is DCE::rgynbase # prefix "sec_rgy_" is dropped from perl function names h2xs -n DCE::rgynbase -p sec_rgy_ dce/rgynbase
# Extension is DCE::rgynbase # prefix "sec_rgy_" is dropped from perl function names # subroutines are created for sec_rgy_wildcard_name and sec_rgy_wildcard_sid h2xs -n DCE::rgynbase -p sec_rgy_ \ -s sec_rgy_wildcard_name,sec_rgy_wildcard_sid dce/rgynbase
# Make XS without defines in perl.h, but with function declarations # visible from perl.h. Name of the extension is perl1. # When scanning perl.h, define -DEXT=extern -DdEXT= -DINIT(x)= # Extra backslashes below because the string is passed to shell. # Note that a directory with perl header files would # be added automatically to include path. h2xs -xAn perl1 -F "-DEXT=extern -DdEXT= -DINIT\(x\)=" perl.h
# Same with function declaration in proto.h as visible from perl.h. h2xs -xAn perl2 perl.h,proto.h
No environment variables are used.
Larry Wall and others
the perl manpage, the perlxstut manpage, MakeMaker, and the AutoLoader manpage.
The usual warnings if it cannot read or write the files involved.
If rather than formatting bugs, you encounter substantive content errors in these documents, such as mistakes in the explanations or code, please use the perlbug utility included with the Perl distribution.